(Syllabus) GATE 2011 : Examination Syllabus : (Electronics and Communication Engineering)
GATE 2011 : Examination Syllabus
:: EC-Electronics and Communication Engineering ::
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values
and eigen vectors.
Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of
definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima,
Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional
derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s
theorems.
Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher
order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of
variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and
boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable
separable method.
Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and
integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution
integrals.
Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability,
Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and
continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution,
Correlation and regression analysis.
Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and
multi-step methods for differential equations.
Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence,
fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods:
nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and
Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state
sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential
equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network
equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC
circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions.
State equations for networks.
Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic
silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current,
mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n
junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET,
LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology:
integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion
implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twintub CMOS process.
Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs
and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier.
Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers:
single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power.
Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters.
Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and
op-amp configurations. Function generators and waveshaping circuits, 555
Timers. Power supplies.
Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic
gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial
circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders,
PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and
shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor
memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O
interfacing.
Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform,
continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and
discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem.
Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality,
stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and
cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal
transmission through LTI systems.
Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic
description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop
(feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow
graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient
and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response.
Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz
criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of
lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID)
control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI
control systems.
Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables,
probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density.
Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and
demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne
receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication
systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation
(AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of
information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication
systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM),
digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying
schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration
and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA,
FDMA and CDMA and GSM.
Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’
and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms.
Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various
media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth.
Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance transformation;
Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides:
modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies;
dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and
optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern;
antenna gain.